本期《亚洲焦点》回顾亚洲前沿经济体的关键宏观与市场动态。越南国家银行10月18日要求银行将生产经营及优先领域贷款利率下调150—200个基点，并将6个月及以上存款利率至少下调50个基点，适用于2026年剩余时间新发放交易；在信贷增速持续快于存款、增长已高于潜在水平的背景下，央行同时通过宏观审慎宽松、增加流动性投放及重启20亿美元7天掉期工具缓解融资压力，但银行净息差收窄、资产质量与通胀、国际收支失衡风险上升。南亚汇款9月仍具韧性但增速放缓，巴基斯坦同比增长12.7%，斯里兰卡和孟加拉国分别放缓至5.6%和3%。蒙古议会通过2026年补充预算，赤字目标升至GDP的2%，并拒绝将奥尤陶勒盖铜矿股息用于2027年现金发放。巴基斯坦2025/26财年GDP增长4%，经常账户赤字预计为GDP的1.2%，国际储备升至215亿美元的历史高位。
This edition of Asia Edge reviews key macroeconomic and market developments across Asia Edge economies. Vietnam's State Bank issued administrative guidance on October 18 instructing banks to cut lending rates for production, businesses and priority sectors by 150-200bp and deposit rates on tenors of six months or more by at least 50bp for newly originated transactions in the remainder of 2026. With credit outpacing deposits and growth above potential, the SBV has also deployed macroprudential easing, increased liquidity injections and reopened a US$2bn seven-day swap facility, though narrower bank margins, asset-quality erosion and inflation and balance-of-payments risks are building. South Asian remittances remained resilient but decelerated in September, with Pakistan up 12.7% yoy while Sri Lanka and Bangladesh slowed to 5.6% and 3%. Mongolia's parliament approved the 2026 supplementary budget, raising the deficit target to 2% of GDP, while the government resisted calls to use the Oy