德意志银行经济研究团队指出,据媒体报道,德国联邦经济与能源部起草的法案拟建立国家天然气储备,用于极端事件、破坏活动及罕见重大事故下的危机应对,仅在官方宣布进入紧急状态时投放,以避免压低市场化冬储水平。草案规定由市场区域经理通过公开招标采购储气能力、以市场化方式购入实物天然气;初期规模约24太瓦时,相当于德国储气能力的约10%,可覆盖挪威管道气完全中断20天、德国LNG接收站停运40天,或极寒冬季进口全失时10天的家庭及商业用气。储备由联邦网络局决定投放并在使用后补足,通过新征附加费融资,年成本约2.47亿至3.08亿欧元,典型家庭每年多支出略低于4欧元至7欧元出头,约60%由工业客户承担、40%由家庭及商业客户承担,市场区域经理不得因此盈利或亏损,盈余须返还。联邦网络局每四年评估一次,首次评估在2030年12月。报告同时提示,10月中旬德国储气率仅60%,低于去年同期的76%;
According to media reports, the German government is planning to establish a national gas reserve. A draft bill by the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWE) states that the objective is to strengthen security of supply in exceptional crisis situations, covering extreme events, sabotage and rare major incidents, with the reserve deployed only during an officially declared emergency stage so that it does not undermine the market-based winter preparedness mechanism. The market area manager would establish and administer the reserve, procuring storage capacities via market-based, transparent and non-discriminatory public tenders and purchasing physical gas through market-based mechanisms. The reserve is initially expected to amount to 24 TWh, roughly 10% of Germany's gas storage capacity, and is intended to cover scenarios such as a complete interruption of Norwegian pipeline imports for 20 days, a shutdown of German LNG terminals for 40 days, or ten days of full supply f